Turai ta kasance cikin aiki a 'yan kwanakin nan. Sun sha wahala sakamakon yawan man fetur, iskar gas da abinci da ke biyo baya, amma yanzu suna fuskantar matsalar ƙarfe da ke shirin tasowa.
Karfe shine ginshiƙin tattalin arzikin zamani. Tun daga injinan wanki da motoci zuwa layin dogo da manyan gine-gine, duk kayayyakin ƙarfe ne. Ana iya cewa muna rayuwa ne a duniyar ƙarfe.
Duk da haka, Bloomberg ya yi gargadin cewa ƙarfe na iya zama abin jin daɗi nan ba da jimawa ba bayan rikicin Ukraine ya fara yaɗuwa a faɗin Turai.
01 A ƙarƙashin ƙarancin wadata, farashin ƙarfe ya matsa maɓallin "ninki biyu"
Dangane da matsakaicin mota, ƙarfe ya kai kashi 60 cikin 100 na jimlar nauyinta, kuma farashin wannan ƙarfe ya tashi daga Yuro 400 a kowace tan a farkon 2019 zuwa Yuro 1,250 a kowace tan, in ji bayanan ƙarfe na duniya.
Musamman ma, farashin rebar na Turai ya tashi zuwa Yuro 1,140 a kowace tan a makon da ya gabata, wanda ya karu da kashi 150% daga ƙarshen 2019. A halin yanzu, farashin hot rolling coil shi ma ya kai matsayi mafi girma na kusan Yuro 1,400 a kowace tan, wanda ya karu da kusan kashi 250% idan aka kwatanta da kafin annobar.
Ɗaya daga cikin dalilan da ya sa farashin ƙarfe na Turai ya yi tashin gwauron zabi shine takunkumin da aka sanya wa wasu tallace-tallacen ƙarfe a Rasha, wanda ya haɗa da masu hannun jari waɗanda ke da rinjaye a masana'antar ƙarfe ta Rasha, wacce ita ce ƙasa ta uku mafi girma a duniya wajen fitar da ƙarfe, da kuma ƙasar Ukraine ta takwas.
Colin Richardson, darektan ƙarfe a kamfanin bayar da rahoton farashi na Argus, ya kiyasta cewa Rasha da Ukraine tare suna samar da kusan kashi ɗaya bisa uku na shigo da ƙarfe daga Tarayyar Turai da kuma kusan kashi 10% na buƙatun ƙasashen Turai. Kuma dangane da shigo da ƙarfe daga Turai, Rasha, Belarus da Ukraine na iya samar da kashi 60%, kuma suna mamaye babban kaso na kasuwar ƙarfe (babban ƙarfe mara ƙarewa).
Bugu da ƙari, wata matsala ta ƙarfe a Turai ita ce kusan kashi 40% na ƙarfe a Turai ana samar da shi ne a cikin tanderun lantarki ko ƙananan injinan ƙarfe, waɗanda ke amfani da wutar lantarki mai yawa don canza ƙarfen da aka goge idan aka kwatanta da ƙarfe da kwal don yin ƙarfe. Narkewa da ƙera sabon ƙarfe. Wannan hanyar tana sa ƙananan injinan ƙarfe su fi dacewa da muhalli, amma a lokaci guda yana haifar da mummunan illa, wato yawan amfani da makamashi.
Yanzu, abin da Turai ta fi rasa shi ne makamashi.
A farkon wannan watan, farashin wutar lantarki na Turai ya wuce Yuro 500 a kowace megawatt-awa, kusan sau 10 fiye da yadda yake kafin rikicin Ukraine. Karin farashin wutar lantarki ya tilasta wa ƙananan masana'antun ƙarfe da yawa rufe ko rage fitar da kayayyaki, suna aiki ne kawai a cikin cikakken ƙarfinsu a daren da farashin wutar lantarki ya yi arha, wani yanayi da ake nunawa daga Spain zuwa Jamus.
02 Farashin ƙarfe na iya tashi cikin firgici, wanda hakan ke ƙara ta'azzara hauhawar farashin kayayyaki
Yanzu haka akwai fargabar masana'antu cewa farashin ƙarfe zai iya ƙaruwa sosai, wataƙila da kashi 40% zuwa kusan Yuro 2,000 a kowace tan, kafin buƙatu ta ragu.
Shugabannin kamfanonin karafa sun ce akwai yiwuwar rage farashin wutar lantarki idan farashin wutar lantarki ya ci gaba da hauhawa, wanda zai iya sa a rufe ƙananan masana'antun masana'antu na Turai, abin damuwa da zai iya haifar da fargabar siyan ƙarfe da kuma ƙara hauhawar farashinsa.
Kuma ga babban bankin, hauhawar farashin ƙarfe na iya ƙara hauhawar farashin. A wannan bazara, gwamnatocin Turai na iya fuskantar haɗarin hauhawar farashin ƙarfe da kuma ƙarancin wadata. Rebar, wanda galibi ake amfani da shi don ƙarfafa siminti, na iya zama a cikin ƙarancin wadata nan ba da jimawa ba.
To abin da ke faruwa yanzu shi ne cewa Turai na iya buƙatar farkawa da sauri. Bayan haka, bisa ga gogewa ta baya, tashin hankalin sarkar samar da kayayyaki yana yaɗuwa da sauri fiye da yadda ake tsammani, kuma tasirin ya fi girma fiye da yadda ake tsammani, haka kuma ƙananan kayayyaki kaɗan ne za su iya zama masu mahimmanci kamar ƙarfe ga masana'antu da yawa. Abu mai mahimmanci, a halin yanzu akwai ƙarfen ƙarfe na China da sauran kayayyaki kawai, kuma ƙaruwar har yanzu tana cikin iyaka mai karɓuwa.
Lokacin Saƙo: Afrilu-07-2022